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Quoit brooch
The quoit brooch is a type of brooch found from the 5th century in the very early Anglo-Saxon period, which has given its name to the Quoit Brooch Style to embrace all types of Anglo-Saxon metalwork in the decorative style typical of the brooches. The brooches take their modern name from the rings thrown in the game of quoits, and have the form of a broad ring, or circle with an empty centre, usually in bronze or silver (sometimes inlaid with silver or gold respectively), and often highly decorated. The forms are in a very low relief, so contrasting with other early Anglo-Saxon styles, with detail added by shallow engraving or punching within the main shapes. Dots or dashes are often used to represent fur on the animal forms, as well as lines emphasizing parts of the body. They are fixed with a single, straight hinged pin, like those of other ring or pennanular brooches.〔Webster, 52〕
==Origins and context==
Most scholars now agree that the style developed mainly from provincial late Roman metalwork styles, apparently drawing elements from both the relatively low-status jewellery found in military graves such as belt buckles and fittings, and also late-Roman luxury work such as the style in one bracelet in the very late Roman Hoxne Hoard.〔Webster, 52-53〕 In the Quoit Brooch Style the very varied motifs are largely geometrical but include human face-masks and processions or confronted pairs of schematic animals.〔Webster, 52〕 In most pieces the motifs are tightly packed together in a way lacking classical harmony, but comparable to later Anglo-Saxon work. The style has also been related to late-Roman ring styles in finds such as the Thetford Hoard.〔Review by Martin Henig of ''Ancient Jewelry and Archaeology'' by Adriana Calinescu; ''The Jewellery of Roman Britain: Celtic and Classical Traditions'' by Catherine Johns, ''American Journal of Archaeology'', Vol. 101, No. 4 (Oct., 1997), p. 809 (re the Johns book), Published by: Archaeological Institute of America, Article DOI: 10.2307/506863, (JSTOR )〕
In late Roman Britain ''cingula'' or belts decorated with metal fittings were worn as signs of rank by both soldiers and civilian officials.〔Hawkes, Sonia, "Some Recent Finds of Late Roman Buckles", p. 390, ''Britannia'', Vol. 5, (1974), pp. 386–393, Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, Article DOI: 10.2307/525745, (JSTOR )〕 It is generally thought the style was produced by goldsmiths trained in late Roman provincial traditions working for Germanic clients, certainly after and perhaps also before the departure of the Roman legions and the end of Roman rule in Britain in 410 or thereabouts. The style and forms are very different from contemporary continental Germanic ones, and the contexts of the various finds seem to allow for both the possibilities that Germanic owners were adopting some Romano-British cultural habits, and that Romano-British owners of objects were adopting partially Anglo-Saxon ones in the first years of the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain.〔Webster, 54–55; Inker, 49–51〕
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